Antiquité – Cahiers d'histoire géo

I	before 3500	Stone Age: the « neolithic revolution » of near east civilizations (esp. Mesopotamia) sees the rise of irrigation & agriculture; towns & cities; temple architecture; writing; intense social stratification

II	3500-1100	Bronze Age (note that, in antiquity, the historical ages were Gold, Silver, Bronze, [Heroic,] & Iron)
	3500-1450	Minoan civilization at Crete (non-Greek-speaking); Linear A syllabary
	c. 2000	First Greek-speaking (IE) tribes enter Greece (the Achaeans?)
	1700-1100	Late Bronze Age Mycenean civilization (Greek-speaking) on mainland; about 1450 takes over Crete. Linear B syllabary. Homer sometimes hearkens back to this world
	1250	Trojan war (traditional)
	1200-1100	Second group of tribes (Dorians) enters Greece and destroys Mycenean civilization; many Achaeans emigrate to Asia Minor & become known as Ionian Greeks; others resist and stay on at Athens. Disappearance of Linear B.

III	1100-750	Iron (or Dark) Age: the Age of Homer (the world of the Iliad and Odyssey); Havelock’s total non-literacy
	1100-875	Proto-geometric period in pottery
	875-750	Geometric period in pottery; monarchies overthrown by oligarchies; rise of the polis; beginnings of Athenian cultural prominence; « eighth century renaissance »
	776	First Olympic games

IV	750-480	Archaic period: Havelock’s craft literacy; Cole’s pre-rhetoric
	750	adaptation of Phoenician alphabet; revival of writing in Greece
	750-500	era of Greek colonization in West and East; continued development of polis culture; rapid increase in commercial & agricultural activity; hoplite revolution; rise of panhellenic religious festivals and games; emergence of rational and scientific thought
	725-675	writing down of the Iliad
	720-620	Orientalizing period in pottery
	620-480	Archaic period proper; oligarchies overthown by tyrants; rise of democracy; standardization and diffusion of Homeric epics; esp. at Athens
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